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JAEA Reports

Flow separation at inlet causing transition and intermittency in circular pipe flow

Ogawa, Masuro*

JAEA-Technology 2019-010, 22 Pages, 2019/07

JAEA-Technology-2019-010.pdf:1.5MB

Transition phenomena from laminar to turbulent flow are roughly classified into three categories. Circular pipe flow of the third category is linearly stable against any small disturbance, despite that flow actually transitions and transitional flow exhibits intermittency. These are among major challenges that are yet to be resolved in fluid dynamics. Thus, author proposes hypothesis as follows; "Flow in a circular pipe transitions from laminar flow because of vortices released from separation bubble forming in vicinity of inlet of pipe, and transitional flow becomes intermittent because vortex-shedding is intermittent." Present hypothesis can easily explain why linear stability theory has not been able to predict transition in circular pipe flow, why circular pipe flow actually transitions, why transitional flow actually exhibits intermittency even due to small disturbance, and why numerical analysis has not been able to predict intermittency of transitional flow in circular pipe.

Journal Articles

Structural studies on liquids and glasses under high pressure and high temperature

Katayama, Yoshinori; Inamura, Yasuhiro*

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 238(1-4), p.154 - 159, 2005/08

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2005.06.038

Times Cited Count：8 Percentile：52.8(Instruments & Instrumentation)

It is well know that many substances have different structures in the crystalline state and they exhibit first-order structural phase transitions by a change in pressure. On the other hand, pressure-induced structural changes in the liquid and glassy states were supposed to be monotonous. The recent development of synchrotron radiation sources enables us to perform structural studies on liquids and glasses under high pressure and high temperature conditions. These studies revealed that the changes in the liquid and glassy states are not necessarily monotonous. We will present recent results on liquid phosphorus and silica glass.

Journal Articles

Novel pressure phase diagram of heavy fermion superconductor CePt $_{3}$ Si investigated by ac calorimetry

Tateiwa, Naoyuki; Haga, Yoshinori; Matsuda, Tatsuma; Ikeda, Shugo; Yasuda, Takashi*; Takeuchi, Tetsuya*; Settai, Rikio*; Onuki, Yoshichika

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 74(7), p.1903 - 1906, 2005/07

https://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.74.1903

Times Cited Count：71 Percentile：89.01(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

The pressure dependences of the antiferromagnetic and superconducting transition temperatures have been investigated by ac heat capacity measurement under high pressures for the heavy-fermion superconductor CePtSi without inversion symmetry in the tetragonal structure. The Nel temperature $T_{rm N}$ = 2.2 K decreases with increasing pressure and becomes zero at the critical pressure $P_{rm AF}$ 0.6 GPa. On the other hand, the superconducting phase exists in a wider pressure region from ambient pressure to about 1.5 GPa. The pressure phase diagram of CePtSi is thus very unique and has never been reported before for other heavy fermion superconductors.

Journal Articles

Macroscopic Separation of Dense Fluid Phase and Liquid Phase of Phosphorus

Katayama, Yoshinori; Inamura, Yasuhiro*; Mizutani, Takeshi*; Yamakata, Masaaki*; Utsumi, Wataru; Shimomura, Osamu*

Science, 306(5697), p.848 - 851, 2004/10

https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1102735

Times Cited Count：148 Percentile：96.73(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

Structural transformation between two liquid structures of phosphorus that occurred at about 1 GPa and 1000 $^{circ}$ C was investigated by in-situ X-ray radiography. When the low-pressure liquid was compressed, dark and round objects appeared in the radiograph. X-ray diffraction measurements confirmed that these objects were the high-pressure liquid. The drops grew and eventually filled the sample space. Decompressing caused the reverse process. The macroscopic phase separation supported the view that it was a first-order liquid-liquid phase transition. X-ray absorption measurements revealed that the change in density at the transition is about 40 % of the density of the high-pressure liquid.

Journal Articles

Correlation between cleavage fracture toughness and charpy impact properties in the transition temperature range of reactor pressure vessel steels

Onizawa, Kunio; Suzuki, Masahide

JSME International Journal, Series A, 47(3), p.479 - 485, 2004/07

In the structural integrity assessment of reactor pressure vessel, fracture toughness values are estimated by assuming that the radiation effect on fracture toughness is equivalent to that on Charpy properties. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the correlation between both properties especially on irradiation embrittlement. In this paper, we present the fracture toughness data obtained by applying the master curve approach that was adopted recently in the ASTM test method. Materials used in this study are five ASTM A533B class 1 steels and one weld metal. Neutron irradiation for Charpy-size specimens as well as standard Charpy-v specimens was carried out at the Japan Materials Testing Reactor. The shifts of the reference temperature on fracture toughness due to neutron irradiation are evaluated. Correlation between the fracture toughness reference temperature and Charpy transition temperature is established. Based on the correlation, the optimum test temperature for fracture toughness testing and the method to determine a lower bound fracture toughness curve are discussed.

Journal Articles

X-ray structural studies on elemental liquids under high pressures

Katayama, Yoshinori; Tsuji, Kazuhiko*

Journal of Physics; Condensed Matter, 15(36), p.6085 - 6103, 2003/09

https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/15/36/302

Times Cited Count：81 Percentile：92.54(Physics, Condensed Matter)

X-ray structural studies on several elemental liquids under high pressure are reviewed. Combination of synchrotron radiation sources and large volume presses enables us to carry out in-situ structural measurements on liquids at high pressures up to several GPa. The measurements have revealed that compressions of liquid alkali metals are almost uniform, whereas those of liquids that have covalent components in bonding are mostly anisotropic. In some elements, different types of volume dependence of the nearest neighbour distances are observed in different pressure ranges. This behaviour suggests that the liquid phase can be divided in regions. Although most of the observed structural changes are continuous, a discovery of an abrupt structural change in liquid phosphorus, which is completed over a pressure range of less than 0.05 GPa around 1GPa and 1050 $^{circ}$ C, supports existence of a first-order liquid-liquid phase transition.

Journal Articles

Experimental study on cooling limit under flow instability in boiling flow channel

Iguchi, Tadashi; Shibamoto, Yasuteru; Asaka, Hideaki; Nakamura, Hideo

Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-11) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2003/04

Authors investigated the cooling limit under flow instability, by conducting THYNC experiments using a 22 bundle test section of electrical rod heaters、whose heated lengths and diameters were 3.71m and 12.3mm. The experimental result indicated periodic rise and rapid drop of the rod temperature under flow oscillation, indicating periodic film boiling. When the heating power increased further, the rod temperature indicated continuous film boiling. The power at the onset of continuous film boiling (cooling limit) under flow oscillation was about 50%-80% of the cooling limit under steady flow condition in THYNC. The ratio of both cooling limits almost agreed with the Umekawa model prediction in cases of P2MPa and G400kg/m2s. For high pressure and high mass flux conditions, the ratio almost agreed with the empirical model based on the heat balance during one cycle of flow oscillation. TRAC-BF1 code simulated periodic film boiling qualitatively, but the cooling limit under the flow oscillation was not predicted well probably due to inaccurate rewetting prediction.

Journal Articles

Correlation between cleavage fracture toughness and charpy impact properties in the transition range of reactor pressure vessel steels

Onizawa, Kunio; Suzuki, Masahide

Proceedings of Asian Pacific Conference on Fracture and Strength '01(APCFS '01) and International Conference on Advanced Technology in Experimental Mechanics '01 (ATEM '01), p.140 - 145, 2001/00

In the structural integrity assessment of reactor pressure vessel, fracture toughness values are estimated by assuming that the radiation effect on fracture toughness is equivalent to that on Charpy properties. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the correlation between both properties especially on irradiation embrittlement. In this paper, we present the fracture toughness data obtained by applying the master curve approach that was adopted recently in the ASTM test method. Materials used in this study are five ASTM A533B class 1 steels and one weld metal. Neutron irradiation for Charpy-size specimens as well as standard Charpy-v specimens was carried out at the Japan Materials Testing Reactor. The shifts of the reference temperature on fracture toughness due to neutron irradiation are evaluated. Correlation between the fracture toughness reference temperature and Charpy transition temperature is established. Based on the correlation, the optimum test temperature for fracture toughness testing and the method to determine a lower bound fracture toughness curve are discussed.

Journal Articles

Amorphization from the quenched high-pressure phase in III-V and II-VI compounds

Mori, Yuki*; Kato, Sayuri*; Mori, Hiroko*; Katayama, Yoshinori; Tsuji, Kazuhiko*

Review of High Pressure Science and Technology, 7, p.353 - 355, 1998/03

http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10002690121

The temperature dependence of phase transitions in GaSb, AlSb, GaAs, GaP, InAs, ZnSe, and CdTe are studied by X-ray diffraction measurements under pressure upto 30 GPa at temperatures of 90-300K. The phase transitions depend on paths in a pressure-temperature phase diagram. The structure of the recovered phase after decompression depends on the ionicity in bonding: amorphous for small ionicity, the stable zincblende structure for large ionicity, and microcrystalline or moderate ionicity. These results are discussed by using a configuration-coordinate model.

Journal Articles